Abu Simbel is an archaeological site comprising two massive rock temple in southern Egypt on the western bank of Lake Nasser about 290 km southwest of Aswan. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the " Nubian Monuments " , which starts from the direction of the flow of the river from Abu Simbel to Philae (near Aswan )
Dual temples were originally carved out of the mountains in the reign of King Ramses II in the 13th century BC , a permanent monument to him and the queen Nefertari , to commemorate his victory in the Battle of Kadesh . However, in 1960 was transferred to the Faculty of complex installations elsewhere , on an artificial hill made of the structure of the dome , above the tank and the Aswan High Dam .
It was necessary to move the temples to avoid being drowned by creating Lake Nasser , and artificial water reservoir formed after the huge building the Aswan High Dam on the Nile River . Abu Simbel is still one of the best areas to attract tourism in Egypt
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Took to build the great temple of Abu Simbel in nearly twenty years , was completed in about 24 years of the reign of Ramses the Great ( which is equivalent to 1265 BC) was dedicated to the god Amun , a shepherd - Harakhca , Ptah , as well as Ramses . It is generally considered the finest and most beautiful temples commissioned during the reign of Ramses II , and one of the most beautiful in Egypt
Done out there on the images of Ramses and Nefertari with the sacred boats of Amun devout - Harakhca . These cover the hall to get to the lobby browser in the middle of it and be the entrance of the temple . Here, on a black wall , there are parts of the sculptures rocky four statues sitting : Ra - Harakhty , Ramses King deified , and the gods Amun Ra and Ptah Ra Horjarta , Amun Ra and Ptah were main gods in that period , and the centers of the sect in Heliopolis , and Thebes, and Memphis
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And lying directly above the sun on the face of Ramses the phenomenon is repeated twice each year. Spoke phenomenon on February 22 which falls on the coronation of Ramses II and repeated on his birthday on October 22 / October , according to the concept of common in Egypt disagrees with him a number of scientists . Penetrating rays of the sun to a distance of 60 meters from the entrance to the temple to reach the Holy of Holies amid a festive atmosphere characterized by the charm and the ambiguity of the pharaohs , and in the presence of thousands of tourists who are careful to watch this phenomenon
